



Tux Enlisted for U.S. Defense Program 312
An anonymous reader writes "Linux is a key part of the Army's massive $200B FCS (Future Computing System) initiative, it seems. RTOS vendor LynuxWorks was chosen to provide the OS for 18 weapons platforms under development, because its LynxOS-178 real-time OS can run Linux binaries -- including the "common operating environment" that Boeing is developing for FCS."
Lots of open source in FCS... (Score:5, Informative)
Also, there's a bunch of COUGAAR support software written in Ruby, i.e., ACME [cougaar.org].
Re:Lots of open source in FCS... (Score:2)
Re:Lots of open source in FCS... (Score:3, Funny)
Yay! (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Yay! (Score:5, Funny)
ARPA-NET (Score:4, Insightful)
- The precursor to the web we're both using right now was pentagon (ARPA) funded.
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:5, Interesting)
What we're REALLY talking about is blue-sky, no immediate payback, research. That is, research with a true eye to the future, not the next quarter or two, the kind of research that got us where we are today. That's the realm of deep pockets and minimal (or at least enlightened/tolerant) oversight - by stockholders or congressmen. That's also the kind of research that has been all-but-destroyed in the US by beancounting, be it corporate finance types, stockholder expectations, Congress, etc.
The US could well be moving in to an era where the only true research, the long-range stuff, goes "black" - "I could tell you, but then I'd have to kill you."
For another perspective, see:
http://technocrat.net/article.pl?sid=05/04/
Then combine it with the fact that there are others who DO see the value of long-term research:
http://technocrat.net/article.pl?sid=0
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:3, Insightful)
We ain't logging in to the World Wide Howitzer
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:4, Insightful)
GPP: >> Nothing says "feel-good bluegrass tech movement" like becoming part of the military industrial complex.
ARPA-NET and the earliest incarnations of the internet were certainly a "feel-good" tech movement, yet they were funded with military bucks. My point is not that the "internet is a weapon" (how the hell did you get that?). My point is that it shouldn't be surprising when a progressive, open technology like Linux is used by the military. They have some smart folks working for them. Sometimes good things come of it.
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:2)
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:3, Insightful)
The reasoning behind recent research hasn't been to kill the enemy more efficiently, but has been how to win necessary wars with the least friendly and enemy casualties possible. Ideologies have changed a lot since WWII. We no longer go to war against a country. We go to war against dictators and pockets of terrorists while trying to defend everyone else in the country. It requires a
What, don't you realize (Score:2)
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:4, Insightful)
Or, you could be sane, and realize that the military is going to kill people no matter what, and it might as well use safe, reliable, accurate, well-built systems to ensure that it kills the right people and no more people than necessary. In that sense, Linux is a good thing.
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:2)
Holy crap.... my head asplode... I can't tell if that's a sensible argument (a rarity in itself) or just some odd devil's advocate game. Either way it's insightful...
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:4, Insightful)
You've greatly misunderstood the military. Killing people is seldom if ever a military goal. Almost always the goal is to force people to accept certain terms. Killing people is often employed as a way of furthering that goal, but it is not itself the goal.
Re:ARPA-NET (Score:2)
Drafted? Guess he's going in before you.. (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Drafted? Guess he's going in before you.. (Score:2)
Does Slashdot have a category icon of Tux in battle fatigues and a helmet/beret?
Now I have a mental image (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Now I have a mental image (Score:2, Informative)
bonzai! [phlak.org]
Then... (Score:2)
Re:Now I have a mental image (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Now I have a mental image (Score:2)
Re:Now I have a mental image (Score:2)
It's Future COMBAT system... (Score:5, Informative)
Re:It's Future COMBAT system... (Score:3, Informative)
Re:It's Future COMBAT system... (Score:2)
Why wouldn't it run linux binaries? (Score:2)
Re:Why wouldn't it run linux binaries? (Score:2)
Re:Why wouldn't it run linux binaries? (Score:5, Interesting)
Beating a dead horse (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Beating a dead horse (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Beating a dead horse (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Beating a dead horse (Score:2)
Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:2)
Maybe this system uses lxrun or something like it.
As an aside I suppose in theory you could do the reverse. Wouldn't it piss off SCO no end if someone produced a scorun app?
Re:Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:4, Interesting)
Wouldn't it piss off SCO no end if someone produced a scorun app?
They already did [demon.co.uk], and as I remember SCO were mighty pissed off [computerworld.com.au].
Re:Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:2)
FreeBSD provides both SCO and Linux emulation using a similar technique.
Re:Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:3, Interesting)
Combine this with the stunt they pulled with User Mode Linux (see this story [usermodelinux.org]) in which they used GPL'
Re:Does LynxOS really contain Linux code? (Score:2, Troll)
My experience with Red Hat is that I wouldn't wish the military involved with that track record...
At least you didn't say they have a good one.
$18,000 per developer seat! (Score:3, Interesting)
GNU (Score:5, Insightful)
Tux is actually sitting this one out.
All it would take is just one Linux Virus / Trojan (Score:2, Insightful)
Isn't this just another mono-culture waiting to be exploited? Consider the risk. One trojan or virus with a trojan let lose in the military network, and there is no telling what it would / could do. All of a sudden, zillions of fake targets are buzzing around the UCAV's rad
Re:All it would take is just one Linux Virus / Tro (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:All it would take is just one Linux Virus / Tro (Score:2)
Still, the mental image of a UCAV (or any other military equipment for that matter) going crazy due to this sort of thing strikes me as humorus and scary all at the same time.
Re:All it would take is just one Linux Virus / Tro (Score:2)
A mono-culture needs a specific software+hardware combination.
So a buffer overflow exploit use a specific bit of exceutable code for a specific processor.
So, that UCAV running vxWorks-on-ARM with the Linux compatibility ABI won't be affected by the exploit that has x86 code in it.
The gloves will now come off... (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:The gloves will now come off... (Score:2)
You know, of course, that Windows NT/2000/XP has a similar emulation environment, using GCC and a lot of code from OpenBSD.
Re:The gloves will now come off... (Score:2)
basically, Windows is a desktop operating system that is closed source and a pain in the ass to take apart and use exactly how you want. It is what it is, and there's only so much you can do.
at some point, it was obvious that a RTOS was what was needed.
Re:The gloves will now come off... (Score:2)
LynxOS (Score:5, Informative)
Mod parent up. LynxOS is not Linux (Score:5, Informative)
LynxOS is not Linux. It's a completely different, and much smaller, kernel. It's not as minimal as QNX [qnx.com]; LynxOS has drivers in the kernel. But it's far smaller than Linux. It's small enough to get through the expensive and difficult examination process required for avionics.
Confusingly, the company that sells LynxOS recently changed their name to LynuxWorks [lynuxworks.com], and also distributes BlueCat Linux [lynuxworks.com], an embedded Linux distro based on the 2.6 Linux kernel. LynuxWorks had a huge booth at the Embedded Systems Conference last month.
LynxOS, BlueCat Linux, and QNX all use the GNU compilers and tools. All are POSIX compatible, and will run most commmand line programs with a recompile.
Too bad... (Score:4, Informative)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A35
There's quite a bit of Linux in USG (Score:4, Insightful)
Tux's Wardrobe (Score:3, Funny)
Adorable.
Taco, about that Tux in a suit icon as a symbol for Linux in the business realm, Tux himself would not be wearing the suit. He's already got a tuxedo, for chrissakes. It would be the suits who were USING Linux. Linux/Tux himself would not be the one changing himself to suit the situation, it would be the suits.
Linux has NOT been picked officially (Score:5, Informative)
Lynxworks can say whatever they want, but the Army isn't picking an OS until 2006. See this link: http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2005/0214/web-fcs
Here is one quote that may be interesting:
"Cartwright and Muilenberg downplayed rumors that they decided not to use Microsoft's Windows operating system in FCS because of security issues. The officials said they have made no such decision to date."
So let's get this straight........ (Score:5, Funny)
FCS = Future COMBAT System (Score:2)
Gonna be a disaster of DOD magnitude . . . (Score:3, Interesting)
The compatibility ABI isn't going to pass muster when it hits the QA phase, they never do. You can't realistically develop an application for one OS and expect it to work perfectly on a "compatible" OS.
When developing vertical applications like this, it's most wise to develop for the actual physical installation that it's going to end up running on. Not just the *version, the actual functioning OS image that will ultimately be used.
There's a term for what this is gonna end up being. The first part is cluster and the last part rhymes with truck.
Re:Hardly suprising... (Score:3, Interesting)
No (Score:5, Informative)
Crappy application not fully tested (and they knew that and accepted the risks) didn't know how to handle an improper user input. A zero went into the database. The app couldn't handle the DIV0, and crashed.
The Navy report concluded it was the application and human error [gcn.com], and not NT.
Re:No (Score:2)
Interestingly, talking with someone Who Would Know, the US Navy has the largest existing NT4 deployment.
<apocryphal>
Asked to explain the mindless Luddism in the face of humiliation,
when unable to support recent groupware solutions used by allied navies in bi-lateral operations,
the stone-walling Civil Servants obstructing all attempts at unborking the situation said:
"Tradition, man, tradition."
</apocryphal
Further reading (Score:5, Informative)
In a letter to the "Comment and Discussion" department, published in the Aug 98 _Naval_Institute_Proceedings_, page 22, Captain Richard T. Rushton, then-CO of _Yorktown_, categorically states, "The _Yorktown_ was never towed as a result of any Smart Ship initiative. During my command, we lost propulsion power twice while using the new technology. Each time, we knew what caused the interrupt and were underway again in about 30 minutes. The September 1997 incident was caused by incorrect data insertion by a well-trained crewman. The _Yorktown_ returned to port using two FFG-7 emergency control units that specifically had been requested by me, and supported by other commands as a risk reducer. We knew there were some risks in the engineering development model propulsion-control system installed under a rapid prototyping development effort. The bottom line: The data field safeguards found in production-level systems were not installed yet in the _Yorktown_ by intention, until complete wring-out was accomplished."
Further: ... She went on to execute a five-month Caribbean deployment that included extensive Smart Ship assessments by the Operational Test and Evaluation Force and Navy Manpower Analysis Center. Both organizations evaluated the _Yorktown_ as fully capable in meeting the required operational capabilities in a projected operating environment. ..."
"The _Yorktown_ never missed an operational commitment, nor did she suffer a mission-degrading casualty during the Smart Ship assessment period. During that time she certified to deploy under the normal fleet training and assessment process.
Re:Hardly suprising... (Score:2, Funny)
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:4, Funny)
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:2)
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:2, Informative)
The Tuxinator; he'll never stop EVER, until you are dead!
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:2, Funny)
Or his time_t overflows, whichever comes soonest.
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:2)
You forgot my favorite one, paper products. Example: toilet paper. The evil government of your choice most likely uses toilet paper or standard office paper. You should find out who supplies them and try to boycott them. (That's humor more than anything. You'd be surprised were your toilet paper, tissue paper, and office paper come from. Hint: made in the USA.)
Re:is linux guilty of murder now? (Score:3, Funny)
All the hippy hacker types will be fuming. They might even have to get their hair cur
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
If boeing is distributing binaries to the Army then Boeing *is* required to do so (they are distributing it to a sole proprietor, but still distributing!).
IMO the GPL applies, and since Boeing is a commercial company, sueing for a violation would open up interesting pieces of code.
However, I think it's remotely improbable that they actually modify key linux components, and their control systems most likely will be covered (decently) by closed licenses that do not conflict with the OSS components they use.
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
But the changes the contractor made would have to be made public under the GPL because they distributed it to the military. If the military decided that they didn't want the changes to be revealed, you're back to the same conflict.
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:4, Informative)
This is legally fine, because if you can hire an 'employee' and have him write some code for you, you retain all rights to that code. It would be silly if you lost it because you hire an employee to write code for you.
Nothing unusual.
Under GPL public does not get source, only cust. (Score:3, Informative)
No. The GPL only requires you to give source to your customers if they ask for it. Making it avaiable to anyone via the web is not required, it is just a convenient way to implement the preceeding for some. Subcontractor give source to Boeing and Boeing gives source to Pentago
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
But the changes the contractor made would have to be made public under the GPL because they distributed it to the military. If the military decided that they didn't want the changes to be revealed, you're back to the same conflict.
No. For two reasons.
First of all, under most "work for hire" contracts, a contractor's work is considered to have been performed by the contracting agency. If I hire you to modify Linux for me, you are not distributing the changes to me, because you are "me", effectively, w
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
but anyways, boeing would probably end up selling the machines to a whole lot of other people as well..
not that it maters since lynxos isn't linux based in any way.
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:3)
To the extent that the government is using non-proprietary OSes and and other cheaper/free pieces of infrastructure to conduct critical activities (like defense, or emergency response), we're looking at using up fewer tax dollars, and that's plenty of "giving back." Of course, the defense/intel community does very much distribute enhanced goodies [nsa.gov] where it can, and we've had plenty of conversations here [slashdot.org] about things like open source CAD stuff from the Navy.
Probably the
RTFA (Score:2)
RTFA, Linux isn't even involved except as an emulated environment.
Re:RTFA (Score:2)
Re:Don't expect compliance with the GPL (Score:2)
I'm not sure if charging a fee has anything to do with it, but I think if this very broad distribution of binary code (embedded systems aren't going to lug around source code) qualifies as "in house" than anything can.
"Stop drinking the goddamn "we are living in a dictatorship" Koolaid and LEARN SOMETHING about how things work (e.g. t
Re:the new gpl (Score:3, Insightful)
Re: (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Peace, Love, Linux (Score:2)
No, but they sure seem to love thier code??? Oui?
Re:Peace, Love, Linux (Score:2)
They put Linux on it, and you're still wining.
Wining and dining! And winning.
Or were you referring the whining, Windows-using slashdotters, who winge about both sides of every issue? No, that would mean you made a typo.
Re:Yay, no BSOD (Score:5, Interesting)
That said, when Windows is used where formerly an embedded OS is used, there is a tendency not to do a very good job stripping out all the stuff that's not needed. Since you aren't going to be patching things that much in the field, this could lead to known security holes on deployed systems for a long time. It may not matter, indeed usually the excuse is that it won't matter, but sometimes the unforseen happens. It's not unheard of for "embedded" versions of windows to have problems like windows file sharing turned on. The hardware engineers don't think like sysadmins.
This problem is not intrinsic to Windows; I've seen the same thing recently on a box that controlled an under vehicle scanner. It used stock SUSE with an old verison of BIND and samba, trhe3 works. The customer wanted to connect it via wireless to a central guard station. This was a bad idea. The security holes in the box are harmless as long as it is stand alone, but on a network they are huge liabilities.
At least with Linux, you can go the Linux from scratch route, which minimizes you exposure to security holes in ancient software.
Re:Yay, no BSOD (Score:2, Informative)
I suppose these [microsoft.com] are why you chose "pretty much," huh?
Re:Yay, no BSOD (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Exploits (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Exploits (Score:2)
Public examination is highly overrated (Score:2)
Buying a little time is good. Public examination of source code can be viewed as giving the enemy a head start. Public examination is also highly overrated. What is really useful is that some third party has reviewed the software. In commercial over-the-counter software that is generally not an option so you could argue that FOSS has an
Re:Exploits (Score:2)
It's just you, and in any case LynxOS isn't open source... it just provides linux emulation so you can run non-open-source Linux applications on top of it.
So you can sleep easy, because your basic assumptions are all wrong: FOSS isn't less secure, and this isn't FOSS anyway.
Re:Tux goes to war! (Score:2)
Forgot where I'm posting. Need to remember to put quotes around historical references and add full reference information. Like this:
"Arsenal of Democracy [ibiblio.org]" - Franklin Delano Roosevelt, December 29, 1940
Re:So... (Score:2)
The world of free software is give and take. I
Re:So... (Score:2)
Re:So... (Score:2)
Don't worry about it until it actually happens -- which just might be never.
FCS's failure seemed likely to me years ago [google.com], and that impression has only been reinforced with time [truthout.org].
Let's just focus on doing constructive things, ourselves.
-- TTK
Re:Scumbags use linux? (Score:2)