Tal Cohen writes: "It is said that one of the most important skills a physicist needs is the ability to quickly make
"back-of-the-envelope" calculations. For example, Jan Wolitzky (in Jon Bently's "Programming Pearls")
tells about Enrico Fermi, Robert Oppenheimer, and the other
Manhattan Project brass who were behind a low blast wall awaiting the detonation of the first nuclear
device from a few thousand yards away. Fermi was tearing up sheets of paper into little pieces, which
he tossed into the air when he saw the flash. After the shock wave passed, he paced off the distance
traveled by the paper shreds, performed a quick "back-of-the-envelope" calculation, and arrived
at a figure for the explosive yield of the bomb, which was confirmed much later by
expensive monitoring equipment." Read on to find out what this has to do with the unusual characteristics of Earth, and how they could influence our search for life elsewhere in the universe.